Nauru History, Geography, Economy and Important Events

Nauru was introduced by the people of Micronesia and Polynesia by 1000 BC. Was established And was declared as a colony by the German Empire at the end of the 19th century. After World War I, Nauru became a union of nation mandates administered by Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. During World War II, Nauru was occupied by Japanese troops, and an advance bypass was carried out by the Allies throughout the Pacific. After the war ended, the country entered the trusteeship of the United Nations. Nauru gained his independence in 1968, and became a member of the Pacific Community (SPC) in 1969.

Nauru, officially known as the Republic of Nauru and formerly Pleasant Island, is an island country in the Central Pacific and a microstate in Oceania. Its nearest neighbor is Baneba Island in Kiribati, 300 km to the east. It is further northwest of Tuvalu, 1,300 km north-east of Solomon Islands, east-northeast of Papua New Guinea, southeast of the Federated States of Micronesia, and south of the Marshall Islands. With an area of ​​only 21 km2, Nauru is the third smallest country in the world behind Vatican City and Monaco, making it the smallest republic. Additionally, the population of 10,670 is the second smallest in the world after Vatican City.

Nauru has a small economy, based on a population of only 11,550 people in 2019. The economy has historically been based on phosphate mining. With primary phosphate reserves depleted by the end of 2010, Nauru tried to diversify its sources of income. In 2020, Nauru's main sources of income were sales of fishing rights in Nauru's territorial waters and revenue from the regional processing center. Nauru is dependent on foreign aid, mainly from Australia, Taiwan and New Zealand. On 1 October 2014, an income tax was imposed in Nauru for the first time, with high-income people paying a flat rate of 10%.

The official language of Nauru is Nauruan, a separate Micronesian language, spoken by 96 percent of the ethnic Nauru in the home. English is widely spoken and is the language of government and commerce, as Nauruan is not used outside the country. Nauru is the smallest island nation in the world, it is the world's smallest independent republic and the only republic in the world that has no capital.

Kiribati [M] , Marshall Islands [M] ,
Definition of international border: L = Land Border | M = Maritime Border