Zambia History, Geography, Economy and Important Events

The region was influenced by the Bantu expansion of the thirteenth century. But it was originally inhabited by the Khoisan people. After European explorers in the eighteenth century, the British converted the region into the British Protectorate of Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia and North-Eastern Rhodesia at the end of the nineteenth century. They were merged in 1911 to form Northern Rhodesia. And in the colonial period, Zambia was governed by an administration appointed from London on the advice of the British South Africa Company. On 24 October 1964, Zambia became independent of the United Kingdom and Prime Minister Kenneth Kaunda became the first president. Kaunda's Socialist United National Independence Party (UNIP) retained power from 1964 to 1991.

Zambia is a land-based country in southern Africa with a tropical climate, and has high plateaus with few valleys and mountains, dissected by river valleys. The total area of ​​Zambia is 752,614 km2 (290,586 sq mi). And for this reason it is considered the 39th largest country in the world, which is slightly smaller than Chile. The two longest and largest tributaries of Zambezi's, Kafue and the Luangwa, flow mainly into Zambia. Zambia is located on the plateau of Central Africa, and at an altitude between about 1000 and 1600 meters above sea level. Here two types of weather affect the people more, the first is the rainy season (November to April) and the second is summer, and the dry season (May / June to October / November).

Currently, Zambia averages between $ 7.5 billion and annual exports of $ 8 billion. About 60.5% of Zambia in Zambia live below the recognized national poverty line, with rural poverty rates around 77.9% and urban rates around 27.5%. . Apart from this, unemployment is also a serious problem in urban areas. Most of the villagers here are Zambian subsistence farmers. The Zambian economy has historically been based on the copper mining industry. In 1998, copper production was reduced to less than 228,000 metric tons after a 30-year decline in production due to lack of investment, reduced copper prices and uncertainty about privatization. And perhaps for this reason, in 2009, Zambia was severely affected by the world economic crisis.

The official language of Zambia is English, which is used for official business and education in schools. The main vernacular language, particularly in Lusaka, is ninja (Nyanja), followed by Bemba. Bemba is the main language in the Copperbelt and Nyanja is the second language. Bemba and Nyanja are spoken in urban areas in addition to other native languages, commonly spoken in Zambia. These include Loji, Kando, Tonga, Lunda and Luwale, which top Zambia National Broadcasting Corporation (ZNBC) vernacular languages. The total number of languages ​​spoken in Zambia is 73.

Angola [L] , Botswana [L] , Democratic Republic of the Congo [L] , Malawi [L] , Mozambique [L] , Namibia [L] , Tanzania [L] , Zimbabwe [L] ,
Definition of international border: L = Land Border | M = Maritime Border